Silicon integrated circuit
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Components
Robert Noyce's practical integrated circuit, invented at Fairchild Camera and
Instrument Corp., allowed printing of conducting channels directly on the
silicon surface.
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APT ashtray
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Robots & AI
MIT's Servomechanisms Laboratory demonstrated computer-assisted manufacturing.
The school's Automatically Programmed Tools project created a language, APT,
used to instruct milling machine operations. At the demonstration, the machine
produced an ashtray for each attendee.
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IBM STRETCH (in background)
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Computers
IBM's 7000 series mainframes were the company's first transistorized computers.
At the top of the line of computers -- all of which emerged significantly
faster and more dependable than vacuum tube machines -- sat the 7030, also
known as the "Stretch." Seven of the computers, which featured a
64-bit word and other innovations, were sold to national laboratories and other
scientific users. L. R. Johnson first used the term "architecture"
in describing the Stretch.
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ERMA characters
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Software & Languages
ERMA, the Electronic Recording Method of Accounting, digitized checking for the
Bank of America by creating a computer-readable font. A special scanner read
account numbers preprinted on checks in magnetic ink.
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